In vitro effects of cholecystokinin fragments on human gallbladders : Evidence for an altered CCK-receptor structure in a subgroup of patients with gallstones

Background/Aim: This study addresses cholecystokinin (CCK)-receptor alterations in stone-diseased and stone-free human gallbladders using different CCK-fragments. Methods: Serosa-free muscle strips were mounted in a modified Krebs-Henseleit-solution of 37°C and aerated with carbogen. The following concentrations of CCK-fragments (CCK 26–33, N-Acetyl CCK 27–33 sulf., CCK 26–29 sulf., CCK 25–33 sulf.) were achieved: 0.1 nmol, 0.5 nmol, 2 nmol, 10 nmol, 100 nmol. Results: Stone-diseased gallbladders were classified into two groups based on their in vitro reaction to CCK 26–33 (CCK-octapeptide). Muscle strips not contracting below 10 nmol were assigned to the subcontractor group. Histologically scarification, necrosis and signs of severe inflammation of the mucosa were seen in 76.9% of this group. Those starting contractions at 0.1 nmol (like the control group) were called the contractor group. This group had a shallow mucosa and mild inflammatory signs in 54.5%. The sub-contractor group showed higher spontaneous phasic activity at lower tonic activity than the contractor and control groups. In the sub-contractor group CCK 27–33 caused several times higher contractions than all other fragments. A maximal contraction level in the contractor and control groups was reached by CCK 25–33. Conclusion: This striking effect of CCK 27–33 in the sub-contractor group favors the view of CCK-receptor structural alteration in a subgroup of patients with cholecystolithiasis.