Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 induced by TNF-α plays a pivotal role in concanavalin A-induced liver injury in mice

Background/Aims: Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), one of the CXC chemokines, is involved in the recruitment of neutrophils in several tissue injuries. In this study, we investigated the role of MIP-2 in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced liver injury in mice. Methods: Liver injury was induced by intravenous injection of Con A (15 mg/kg) and plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), MIP-2 levels were determined and histological assessment of the liver was performed. Anti-mouse MIP-2 antibody was intravenously administered 30 min before Con A injection. Results: The plasma ALT level significantly elevated and reached a maximum at 8 h after Con A injection. The plasma MIP-2 level was also elevated and reached a peak value at 2 h after Con A injection. The elevated ALT level by Con A injection was significantly inhibited by the MIP-2 antibody. The elevated plasma MIP-2 level after Con A injection was significantly reduced by the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) antibody, and MIP-2 was induced in plasma after recombinant TNF-α injection. Hepatic necrosis and infiltration of neutrophils were observed after Con A injection, and these histological changes were attenuated by the MIP-2 antibody. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Con A induces TNF-α release, and this TNF-α stimulates MIP-2 induction, at least partially contributing to the liver injury mediated through the recruitment of neutrophils.