Hepatocyte growth factor induces collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1) via the transcription factor Ets-1 in human hepatic stellate cell line

Background/Aims: Although hepatocyte growth factor recently has been shown to decrease hepatic fibrosis in animal models, the molecular mechanisms of this effects remain to be elucidated. We investigated regulation of collagenase expression by hepatocyte growth factor in hepatic stellate cells. Methods: A human hepatic stellate cell line, LI90, was treated with hepatocyte growth factor. Expression of collagenase, 72 kDa gelatinase, procollagen α1(I), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, transforming growth factor-β1, or Ets-1, and carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen was examined. Ets-1 binding activity was determined by gel mobility shift assay, collagenase promoter activity was evaluated by reporter gene assay. LI90 cells were also transfected with Ets-1 antisense oligonucleotides with or without hepatocyte growth factor. Results: Hepatocyte growth factor increased expression of collagenase mRNA and protein, and an increase in Ets-1 mRNA preceded the increase in collagenase mRNA. Collagenase activity and protein, and a degradation product of type I collagen were increased in the medium. Nuclear extracts from treated LI90 cells also showed increased Ets-1 binding activity. Hepatocyte growth factor and cotransfection of Ets-1 enhanced promoter activity of collagenase gene. Furthermore, treatment of LI90 cells with Ets-1 antisense oligonucleotides downregulated basal and hepatocyte growth factor-induced Ets-1 and collagenase mRNA expression. Conclusions: Collectively, the results suggest that hepatocyte growth factor increases collagenase expression in hepatic stellate cells via the Ets-1 transcription factor-dependent manner