Hemodynamic and antifibrotic effects of losartan in rats with liver fibrosis and/or portal hypertension

Background/Aims: To assess the effects of the early and chronic administration of losartan -a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist- in the prevention of hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension. Methods/Results: (1) In CCl4 rats, losartan at 5 and 10 mg/kg per day significantly decreased portal pressure (−11, −18%, respectively), splenorenal shunt blood flow (−60, −80%) and liver fibrosis (liver hydroxyproline and area of fibrosis) without significant changes in mortality and mean arterial pressure (MAP). (2) In bile duct ligated (BDL) rats, losartan at 5 mg/kg per day significantly decreased portal pressure (−14%), splenorenal shunt blood flow (−70%) and liver fibrosis. Losartan at 10 mg/kg per day significantly worsened liver and renal functions, mortality and liver fibrosis, without significant changes in portal pressure and splenorenal shunt blood flow. Losartan at 5 and 10 mg/kg per day significantly decreased MAP (−24, −30%). (3) In portal vein ligated (PVL) rats, losartan significantly decreased MAP (−12%) but did not change portal pressure or splenorenal shunt blood flow. Conclusions: In BDL and CCl4 rats, losartan has beneficial effects on splanchnic hemodynamics and liver fibrosis. Losartan might decrease hepatic resistances in fibrotic liver. Losartan decreased MAP except in CCl4 rats. Higher dosage of losartan had deleterious effects in BDL rats.