Time course for resolution of left atrial appendage stunning after catheter ablation of chronic atrial flutter

Objectives This study assessed the time course of resolution of left atrial appendage (LAA) stunning after catheter ablation of chronic atrial flutter (AFL). Background Although the presence of LAA stunning after ablation of chronic AFL calls for anticoagulation in the post-cardioversion period, limited information has been obtained, particularly regarding its duration. Methods Sixteen patients who underwent ablation of chronic, pure AFL were studied, only five of whom had structural heart disease and one of whom had a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. The LAA emptying velocities (LAAEV) and left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) were assessed using transesophageal echocardiography before, within 24 h after, one week after, and two weeks after ablation. Results Within 24 h after ablation, the LAAEV decreased from 39 ± 10 cm/s during AFL to 21 ± 10 cm/s during sinus rhythm (p < 0.01), with eight patients (50%) having documented SEC. After one week, the LAAEV increased (39 ± 17 cm/s, p < 0.01 vs. within 24 h) and SEC resolved in five of eight patients. After two weeks, the increase in LAAEV persisted (54 ± 14 cm/s, p < 0.01 vs. 1 week) and SEC was no longer present in any of the patients. The numbers of patients with LAAEV >30 cm/s and absence of SEC were three within 24 h, 11 at one week, and 16 at two weeks after ablation. Conclusions Patients with chronic, pure AFL and preserved left ventricular function who will undergo catheter ablation may not require anticoagulation therapy for more than two weeks after the procedure because of the presence of forceful mechanical LAA contractions and the absence of SEC.