Repair of left ventricular aneurysm: surgical risk and long-term survival

Background The aim of the study was to identify predictors for survival after repair of postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of 149 patients who had an operation for postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm between 1989 and 2001. The following variables were recorded: preoperative clinical, angiographic, and echocardiographic findings and operative procedures. Outcomes were early mortality (<30 days) and long-term survival. Risk factors were pinpointed using t test or Mann-Whitney test, contingency tables, and survival curves. Independent risk factors were identified by logistic regression and Cox regression methods. Mean follow-up was 5.8 years (range, 0 to 13.8 years). Results The early mortality (<30 days) rate was 8.7% altogether, and the 5-year cumulative survival rate was 77%. Advanced age, history of ventricular arrhythmia, three-vessel disease, and linear repair technique were independent risk factors for early and total mortality. Poor left ventricular function predicted reduced long-term survival but did not increase surgical risk. Survival was not affected by gender, diabetes, type and severity of symptoms, anterior or posterior aneurysm, revascularization of the left anterior descending artery, or number of distal anastomoses. Conclusions Postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm can be repaired with acceptable surgical risk and long-term survival. Survival is reduced in cases with advanced age, history of ventricular arrhythmia, three-vessel disease, poor left ventricular function, and linear repair of the aneurysm