Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Lung in Adults

Background Thoracic surgeons have limited experience of inflammatory pseudotumors of the lung owing to their rare occurrence in routine clinical practice. Methods We retrospectively investigated the clinicopathologic features of 18 patients with inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung observed between 1992 and 2002. Results There were 13 men and 5 women. Median age was 57 years. Eight patients (44%) were symptomatic. Computed tomographic scan showed a solitary nodule (≤3 cm) in 12 patients, bilateral nodules in 1, and a mass in 5. Two patients had undergone prior incomplete resections. Lobectomy was performed in 5 patients, bilobectomy in 1, segmentectomy in 1, and wedge resection in 11. Complete resection was achieved in 13 patients (72%). There was no operative mortality. Follow-up was complete in all patients (range, 13 to 134 months; median, 63 months). Overall 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 82% and 74%, respectively. Thirteen patients are currently alive with no evidence of disease, 1 is alive with disease, 1 died of unrelated causes, and 3 had a relapse and died. Completeness of resection and lesion size less than or equal to 3 cm were associated with a better survival (p< 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively). Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed the association between completeness of resection and better survival, which is independent of other clinicopathologic variables (p = 0.02). Conclusions This series shows that a significant number of patients with inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung have a poor prognosis and confirms the need for radical resection in the treatment of this unusual entity.