Clinical Evaluation of the CorCap Cardiac Support Device in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background Left ventricular (LV) remodeling is related to adverse outcomes in heart failure. The CorCap Cardiac Support Device (CSD; Acorn Cardiovascular, Inc, St. Paul, MN) is an implantable device that attenuates LV remodeling. Methods The Acorn trial assessed the safety and efficacy of the CSD in 300 heart failure patients. Patients needing mitral surgery (n = 193) were randomized to mitral surgery alone or mitral surgery plus CSD. Patients who did not need mitral surgery (n = 107) were randomized to medical therapy or medical therapy plus CSD. The primary endpoint was a clinical composite based on changes in patient vital status, the need for major cardiac procedures for worsening heart failure, and a change in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. Results The proportional odds ratio for the primary endpoint favored treatment with the CSD (1.73 confidence interval [CI]: 1.07 to 2.79; p = 0.024). The CSD-treated patients received significantly (p = 0.01) fewer cardiac procedures indicative of worsening heart failure and had an improvement in New York Heart Association class (p = 0.049). There was no significant difference in survival between groups (p = 0.85). Treatment with the CSD led to a decrease in LV end-diastolic (p = 0.009) and end-systolic volumes (p = 0.017), an increase in the LV sphericity index (p = 0.026), an improvement in the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure score (p = 0.04), and the Short Form-36 Questionnaire (p = 0.015). There was no evidence for a significant difference (p = 0.43) in serious adverse events between the treatment and control groups. Conclusions The results of the Acorn trial support the hypothesis that preventing LV remodeling with a CSD favorably impacts the untoward natural history of heart failure.