Tricuspid valve replacement: UK heart valve registry mid-term results comparing mechanical and biological prostheses

Background. Little is known of time-related outcome and comparative performance of biological and mechanical prostheses following tricuspid valve replacement (TVR). Methods. A retrospective UK Heart Valve Registry study (Jan 1, 1986 to June 30, 1997) identified 425 patients who underwent TVR. Two-hundred twenty-five (52.9%) received biological and 200 (47.1%) received mechanical valves. One-hundred sixty (38%), 158, and 76 had isolated, double, and triple valve replacements, respectively. The follow-up was 96% complete with a total of 1,585 patient-years. Results. Thirty-day mortality for TVR was 17.3% (73 deaths). One-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 72.2%, 59.9%, and 42.9%, respectively. Year of operation (p = 0.04), age (p = 0.04), and number of valves implanted (p = 0.03) predicted overall mortality. Age (p< 0.001) and year of operation (p = 0.002) predicted overall survival. Thirty-day mortality for biological and mechanical prostheses was 18.8% and 15.6%, respectively. One-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 70.5%, 61.5%, and 47.7% for biological and 74.0%, 57.9%, and 33.9% for mechanical prostheses, respectively. Freedom from reoperation at 1 and 10 years was 98.7% and 97.4%. Freedom from death or reoperation was 71.2% at 1 year and 41.9% at 10 years. None of the above outcomes was significantly different between the type of valve prostheses. Conclusions. TVR carries a high 30-day mortality and a poor longer term survival. No superiority could be identified for biological or mechanical prostheses in the tricuspid position for either survival or reoperation.