The effects of an additive small amount of a low residual diet against total parenteral nutrition–induced gut mucosal barrier

Background Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) negatively influences the gut mucosal barrier. It has been suggested that enteral nutrition is effective against the harmful influence. Methods Forty-eight male Donryu rats underwent placement of a central venous catheter and tube gastrostomy. They were divided into six groups, receiving isocaloric nutrients in various proportions of PN and a low residual diet (LRD) for 7 days. Intestinal permeability, villous height and crypt depth, and number of secretory IgA-positive cells in the villus were measured. Results Intestinal permeability was significantly reduced in rats receiving an LRD corresponding to more than 15% of total caloric intake. Gut morphological structure was maintained in rats receiving an LRD corresponding to more than 10%. A higher number of IgA-positive cells was observed in rats receiving an LRD corresponding to more than 15%. Conclusions A small amount of LRD could prevent decreases in gut mucosal integrity. There was a stepwise defense mechanism in the gut mucosal barrier.