Prevention of intraperitoneal adhesion formation using beta-glucan after ileocolic anastomosis in a rat bacterial peritonitis model

Background To investigate the effects of beta-glucan on intraabdominal abscess and adhesion formation after ileocolic anastomosis in a rat bacterial peritonitis model. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were used in this study. Bacterial peritonitis was induced by performing a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). On the first day, abdomen was reopened and peritoneal fluid samples were taken for microbiological examination. Thereafter, cecum was resected and ileocolic anastomosis was made. Group 1 rats were given 1 mL of normal saline as a placebo. Group 2 and group 3 rats were given β-D-glucan 2 mg/kg by intramuscularly; 1 mg of β-1,3-D-glucanase was administered to group 3 rats just after the use of β-D-glucan. Half of each group were killed at day 7 and at day 21, respectively. Adhesions were scored and the presence of intraabdominal abscesses was noted. Results One day after CLP, microbiological examination showed polymicrobial bacterial peritonitis. Five (8%) of the 60 animals died owing to sepsis. One week after CLP, in two rats in each group developed abscess formation. Three weeks after CLP, abscess formation was observed in only one rat in each group. The rats treated with the beta-glucan had significantly lower adhesion scores than did the saline-treated rats (P = 0.008 at one week; P = 0.001 at 3 weeks). Administration of beta-glucanase inhibited beta-glucan activity and resulted in more adhesions (P = 0.022 at 1 week;P = 0.006 at 3 weeks). Conclusions Although the use of beta-glucan after ileocolic anastomosis in rats with experimentally developed intraabdominal sepsis does not have any significantly effect on mortality and abscess formation, beta-glucan is capable of reducing the frequency of adhesion. This effect of beta-glucan has been prevented with beta-glucanase