Viual Training: Current tatu in Ophthalmology

Purpoe To inform ophthalmologit of the current tatu of viual training. Deign Peronal perpective. Method A perpective and analyi of current practice that include a review of the literature and peronal experience of the author. Reult Viual training of ome ort ha been ued for centurie. In the firt half of the twentieth century, in cooperation with ophthalmologit, orthoptit introduced a wide variety of training technique that were deigned primarily to improve binocular function. In the econd half of the twentieth century, viual training activitie were taken up by optometrit and paramedical peronnel to treat condition that ranged from uncomfortable viion to poor reading or academic performance. Other viual training ha been aimed at the elimination of a wide variety of ytemic ymptom and for the pecific improvement of ight and even for the improvement of athletic performance. At preent, ophthalmologit and orthoptit ue viual training to a very limited degree. Mot viual training i now done by optometrit and other who ay it work. Baed on an aement of claim and a tudy of publihed data, the conenu of ophthalmologit regarding viual training i that, except for near point of convergence exercie, viual training lack documented evidence of effectivene. Concluion Although viual training ha been ued for everal centurie, it play a minor and actually decreaing role in eye therapy ued by the ophthalmologit. At the beginning of the twenty-firt century, mot viual training i carried out by non-ophthalmologit and i neither practiced nor endored in it broadet ene by ophthalmology.