Immunoscintigraphy of atherosclerotic uncomplicated lesions in vivo with a monoclonal antibody against D-dimers of insoluble fibrin Original Research Article

To test the effectiveness of a new F(ab′)2 monoclonal antibody against human fragment D-dimer of cross-linked fibrin in the detection of uncomplicated atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid vessel previously documented at echo-color-Doppler and selective arteriographic study, 8 patients underwent a scintigraphic study including dynamic and early and delayed (3 h later) static imaging of the neck after injection of a bolus of 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibody, and were subsequently operated. Vessel specimens and blood samples were drawn at operation and counted. No adverse reaction occurred after administration of the monoclonal antibody. The atherosclerotic lesion appeared as a focal area of asymmetrical tracer uptake, already visible at early images in four patients, and at delayed images in five. The average tracer uptake ratio between pathological and normal vessels was 1.40±0.24 (P<0.05) at time-activity curves derived from dynamic images, 2.17±0.97 (P<0.05) at early static images and 2.05±0.98 (P<0.05) at delayed static images, respectively. Mean vessel to blood uptake rate of specimens obtained at operation was 2.22±0.59 (P<0.001). The study shows that the 99mTc-labeled antibody was found to be safe and capable of detecting atherosclerotic plaques in humans.