Expanding developmental and behavioral services for newborns in primary care: Implications of the findings Original Research Article

Background In two other papers in this issue, the rationale, development, implementation, experimental design, approach to evaluation, and early results of a program to deliver developmental and behavioral services to all infants in primary care practice were described. Positive effects were seen for parental satisfaction, including decreased disenrollment, provider satisfaction, parenting practices, and health outcomes. Methods In the present article, the results are reviewed and implications of our findings for the delivery of care, families, healthcare systems, and further research are discussed. Results Findings that have broad implications are as follows: (1) developmental and behavioral services can be delivered successfully in practice using dedicated professionals to deliver and integrate services; (2) the “planned care model” was useful in program implementation for making “the right thing to do, the easy thing to do”; (3) the added focus on satisfaction and cost helps to develop the “business case” for broad scale implementation; (4) bonding of parents to organizations has marketing implications; (5) the program provides positive effects for all parents, not just high-risk parents; and (6) several research questions emerge, including persistence of effects on health outcomes, costs, and utilization. Conclusions The authors conclude that study results have implications for preventive services, families, child healthcare in office practice, healthcare systems, and healthcare policy. In this ongoing study, examination of intervention effects at 30 months of age shoud be informative. Further research is warranted as it remains to be seen whether or not these interventions can become viable ongoing programs.