Antimüllerian hormone as a serum marker of granulosa cell tumors of the ovary: Comparative study with serum α-inhibin and estradiol, , ,

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate serum antimüllerian hormone as a marker for granulosa cell tumors. STUDY DESIGN: Serum antimüllerian hormone concentrations were determined in 16 patients with an adult-type granulosa cell tumor; in female patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma, benign ovarian cysts, or extraovarian cancers; and in normal premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Serum antimüllerian hormone, α-inhibin, and estradiol levels were compared in 10 patients with a granulosa cell tumor during 6 to 47 months of follow-up. RESULTS: Serum antimüllerian hormone was undetectable in normal postmenopausal women and was <5 μg/L in premenopausal women. Normal serum levels were found in patients with ovarian cancers or cysts or with extraovarian cancers. Levels were between 6.8 and 117.9 μg/L in eight of nine patients with a progressive granulosa cell tumor. In the remaining case antimüllerian hormone, α-inhibin and estradiol concentrations were normal. Serum antimüllerian hormone and α-inhibin levels became elevated at least 11 months before the recurrence was clinically detectable. During clinical remission serum antimüllerian hormone, α-inhibin, and estradiol were normal in most cases. CONCLUSION: Serum antimüllerian hormone is a sensitive, specific, reliable marker of adult-type granulosa cell tumors and is useful to evaluate the efficacy of treatment and to detect recurrences early. (AM J OBSTET GYNECOL 1996;174:958-65.)