Correlation between diastolic impairment and lipid metabolism in mild-to-moderate hypertensive postmenopausal women

Background Many cardiovascular risk factors are found in hypertensive patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between cardiac abnormalities (ie, diastolic and left ventricular hypertrophy) with other cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with hypertension. Methods A total of 200 consecutive postmenopausal women (mean age 47.5 ± 4 years) with mild-to-moderate hypertension that had never been treated were studied. Mean systolic pressure was 163 ± 15 mm Hg and mean diastolic pressure 97 ± 75 mm Hg. All subjects underwent M-mode two-dimensional echocardiography and cardiac Doppler. The following measurements were made: peak velocity of early left ventricular filling (E); peak velocity of late ventricular filling (A), and the ratio between early and late flow velocity peaks (E/A). The E/A ratio was then normalized for heart rate (E/Ac). Left ventricular mass index normalized for body surface was also measured. In each patient, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and plasma triglycerides were measured. We evaluated the correlation of E/Ac and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) with the following variables: total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceridemia, smoking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index. Results A significant negative correlation with total cholesterol (r = −0.15, P< .05) and LDL (r = −0.20; P = .005), as well as a significant positive correlation with HDL (r = 0.20, P< .01) were found. No other variable was significantly correlated with E/A. There was no correlation between LVMI and any variable analyzed. Conclusion In postmenopausal women with mild-to- moderate hypertension, high total cholesterol levels and low HDL levels are associated with impaired diastolic function.