Nigeria Foreign Policy and the Politics of Debt Relief

With the return of civilian rule in 1999, Nigeria embarked on a relentless campaign for debt relief. As at December 2004, Nigeria’s external debt stood at US$35.94 billion. The unsustainability of the external debt necessitated President Olusegun Obasanjo’s quest for making debt relief a priority, upon assumption of office in May 1999. With President Obasanjo’s concerted efforts coupled with the ministry of finance, national assembly, debt management office, the economic management team, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders, the credible implementation of the country’s National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) as well as security of an IDA only status for Nigeria, the creditors and multilateral financial institutions began to positively consider Nigeria for debt relief. The campaign for debt relief reached a climax in 2005, when the Great Britain, acting as chairperson of Group of Eight Industrialized Nations brought to fore the African debt issues. At their meeting on Wednesday, June 20, 2005 the Paris Club Creditors announced its decision to grant debt relief to Nigeria. By 2006, this determination of President Obasanjo to obtain debt relief came into manifestation, when Nigeria was granted debt relief by the Paris Club creditors under the “Naples” term. That is 60% debt cancellation on Paris club debt which led to the final exit of Paris Club debt of about $31bn, Nigeria then paid arrears which was about $6bn and then bought-back the remaining debt stock of about $7bn. Nigeria had virtually exited the debt owed the London Club Creditor countries on Thursday, 4th of April 2007, after it paid $82m in oil warrants (Faloseyi, 2007). While the Debt management office estimated Nigeria’s remaining external debt at about $3.035bn made up of $2.65bn multilateral agencies debt, $326m owed bilateral agencies and $101m of other commercial debt This paper attempt to analyse Nigeria’s foreign policy and the politics of External Debt Relief and its implication on national development