The Circumplex Structure of Depersonalization/Derealization

This paper presents a literature review to determine whether precipitating causes of depersonalization (DP) and derealization (DR) correspond to the circumplex model of emotion defined by the dimensions of valence and arousal. DP/DR precipitators are reviewed and classified in relation to the four quadrants of the circumplex model of emotion. The findings indicate that the valence and arousal dimensions were significant predictors of emotions expressed in DP/DR precipitators. Implications are discussed with respect to the multidimensional nature of DP/DR, clarifying normal and abnormal DP/DR, and identifying needed areas of research.