Cabergoline versus Coasting in the Prevention of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome and Assisted Reproductive Technologies Outcome in High Risk Patients

Background: Coasting is the most common method used in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) acting through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) reduction. However, the pregnancy rate is reported to fall with coasting when it takes more than three days. Recently low- dose cabergoline, a selective D2 dopamine receptor agonist has been proven to selectively reduce vascular permeability without affecting angiogenesis and seems to be able to decrease the rate of OHSS without affecting pregnancy rate. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 60 women in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) cycles at risk of OHSS, having at least 20 follicles in their ovaries (mostly <14mm) and a serum estradiol level >3000pg/mL. Patients were divided into two equal groups. In group A, oral cabergoline 0.5 mg/day was given for seven days after hCG administration; while in group B gonadotropin administration was halted until serum estradiol levels reached less than 3000pg/mL before hCG administration. The main outcome measurements compared were rates of pregnancy and severity of OHSS. Results: Total number of oocytes, metaphase II oocytes, fertilization and clinical pregnancy rates were higher in group A (p<0.05). Severe OHSS was not found in either group. Moderate OHSS was seen in one subject in the cabergoline group versus seven in the coasting group. Conclusion: Cabergoline seems to be a safe drug for prevention of moderate-severe OHSS.