Active and Passive Flow Control around Simplified Ground Vehicles

The aim of this work is to control the flow around ground vehicles by active or/and passive strategies. The active control is achieved by steady, pulsed or closed-loop jets located at the backof the simplified car model. The passive control is performed using porous layers between the solid body and the fluid in order to modify the shear forces. The two previous control methods can be coupled to improve the drag reduction.