In-vitro Culture of Allium scorodoprasum spp.rotundum: Callus Induction, Somatic Embryogenesis and Direct Bulblet Formation

A tissue culture technique was developed to rapidly obtain large numbers of plants from selected individual plants. Allium scorodoprasum is a member of the onion genus Allium, a perennial plant of the family Alliaceae. Sand leek also has a dark violet bulb wrapper. Its center of origin and distribution is west Asia especially Zagros Mountains in west part of Iran. Various tissue culture techniques have been used in an attempt to develop ʹin vitroʹ propagation and breeding of the Common Onion, Allium scorodoprasum. In this study the effects of different level of growth regulators, 6-BAP, NAA and 2.4-D on Callus Induction, Somatic Embryogenesis and Direct Bulblet Formation were investigated. The experimental works consist of two parts. In the first part of multiple bulblet formation was induced by regenerated of plantlets on MS medium supplemented with 6 mg/l 6-BAP + 3 mg/l NAA and maximum Callus induction percent at 1.5 NAA mg/l + 4 6-BAP. Therefore at Experiment 2 subculture was of the level three 2.4.D and 6-BAP (1 and 3mg/l) that maximum, somatic embryogenesis percent, callus weight and callus induction percent at 6-BAP 3mg/l + 2.4.D 6mg/l and highest callus volume of the 6-BAP 1mg/l + 2.4.D 10mg/l.