الالتزام السياسي في شعر معروف الرصافي

Ma,aroof Al-Rassafy, contemporary Iraqi poet was born in 1875 in Baghdad and died in 1945. He finished his elementary education in old fashioned primary schools and a primary school in Baghdad. After finishing his primary level, entered Al-Roshdyyeh, a military school, but did not get his diploma. Then he became a pupil of Allameh Aloosy and teacher of seminaries. After that, he entered governmental occupations but resigned from them after some time. Therefore, he had an agitated life full of changes and chaos Rassafy has witnessed three periods in his political life: Ottoman Empire, British occupation and puppet governments. During Ottoman Empire, although he did not oppose the government, fought against the despotism of Sultan Abdul- Hamid and provoked people against him. His joy was completely clear after the collapse of Ottoman Empire and declaration of constitution, although he believed in the reform of Ottoman Empire, rather than its collapse. When British occupiers entered Iraq, he opposed and threatened them by his poems. After establishing puppet governments in Iraq, he demonstrated his opposition with them. He believed that these governments were apparently national but actually under the influence of foreign states. In his poems he has defended Orient and in general oriental nations, especially Muslims. This article proceeds with his political views and insights about these changes and explains his views using his poems and othersʹ views