Investigation of structural characteristics of Fagetum orientalis

ABSTRACT: Caspian forests or Hyrcanian forests are remaining from Tertiary and the best and most economical part of it are the forest communities of beech trees which are located at elevation from 700 to 1500 meters above sea level. Given the importance of the biodiversity and wood production of beech communities, identification of mixed populations especially in the mixed uneven aged stands is important. In this study five 1 hectare samples were selected and implemented considering obvious changes of tree species tree species diameter structure of trees and elevation changes. Using hundred percent inventory method, diameter and height of all trees and canopy estate were evaluated. To identify the Forest structure the triangular structure is used and in order to assess the position of stand in triangular structure, the percent of diameter classes (small diameter – medium diameter – large diameter ) in each sample plots were used . For a more detailed study of the status and characteristics of the siteʹs soil five profiles were dug in the center of each sample. Based on the obtained results from triangular structure and soil profiles, the second sample had an irregular structure and diameter in the basis of mean basal area , mean height of Lowry and basal area were high. The latter two factors are the criterion of site potency. Others samples had small diameter structure.