The Activity of Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase in Normal and Pathological Endometrium and Correlation with the Hormonal Status of Women

Goal: The goal of the study is to demonstrate the activity of superoxide dismutase mitochondria (MnSOD-e) in normal and pathologic endometrium and correlation of hormonal status of these cases with the MnSOD-e activity. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 70 female patients, of which 30 of them had bleeding from the uterus (Group A) and 40 women had bleeding from the uterus, as well as a confirmed histopathological diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia or endometrium carcinoma (Group B). In the follow-up we analyzed: age (respondents divided into five categories), parity (without pregnancy and multiple pregnancies), ultrasound (to determine whether there are pathological changes in the small pelvis), hormonal status of women (we took the blood of subjects to determine follicle stimulating hormone-FSH, luteinizing hormone-LH, progesterone-Pr, estradiol-Es), histopathological analysis (the material was collected by exploratory curettage of normal and pathologically altered endometrium), determining the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood and endometrium (we determined the activity of MnSOD-e, whose activity was determined in normal and pathological endometrium). Results: Within age groups dominated patients from 41-50 years, as well as multiple pregnancies. In the experimental group the mean results had lower values of the MnSOD enzyme in blood (0.93) and endometrium (1.94) as compared to the control group in blood (1.27), and endometrium (2.79). The MnSOD-e levels in the follicular phase was approximately at the same level in the experimental and control group, while the values in the luteal phase and stage of menopause was greater in control compared to the experimental group. MnSOD-e levels in endometrium in the follicular phase and stage of menopause were lower in experimental than in the control group, whereas in the luteal phase in the experimental group the value was higher than in the control group. Conclusions: On the basis of the results, which show a decrease in MnSOD activity both in the blood and endometrium of patients with hyperplasia and endometrium carcinoma we can see the importance of detecting activity of these enzymes in the diagnosis of the mentioned histological lesions, and therefore also possibilities of their application in clinical practice.