Viral Diseases Affecting Open Field Tomato in Jordan

This study reports the incidence of tomato viruses in open field tomato in Jordan. A total of 1647 tomato samples were collected from Southern Jordan Valley, Central Jordan Valley, Northern Jordan Valley and Badia. Double-antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) tests indicated that about 39.6% of the collected samples were infected with one virus or more. The survey results revealed the presence of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Tomato ring spot virus (ToRSV), Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), Tomato aspermy virus (TAV), Tobacco etch virus (TEV) and Tobacco rattle virus (TRV). Interestingly, TSWV was the dominant viral disease in tomato fields since about 17.7% of the samples collected were found to be infected with TSWV either in a single or mixed infection. The second greatest number of samples were infected with PVY at 8.7% infection, followed by ToRSV with 7.8% infection. However, Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Potato virus X (PVX), Tobacco ring spot virus (TRSV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were not detected in any tomato sample.