Towards the feminization of accounting practice: Lessons from the experiences of Japanese women in the accounting profession

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to open up the Anglo-centred argument in gender and accounting by exploring the relationship of women and accounting in a different social and cultural context. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on in-depth ethnographical studies to explore the real- life experiences of 66 Japanese women (9 percent of all women CPAs) who have entered the accounting profession from a range of backgrounds and generations. Findings – The paper finds that some women accounting professionals in Japan have brought about changes in accounting practice there by applying a uniquely feminine approach in their day-to-day work. Their strict approach is attuned to the ongoing globalization in the field of accountancy, and this has helped to widen the opportunities for women. Research limitations/implications – This paper demonstrates that, in order to understand the issues surrounding gender and accounting, it is important to consider the prevailing social context and its underpinnings. In the Japanese “interdependent” social context, gender is intertwined in the process of accounting to establish its “independent” status. Practical implications – It has been argued that the unique social and cultural context in Japan will make it difficult for the country to converge its accounting and auditing with global standards. By incorporating a gender perspective, the paper aims to clarify the social assumptions under which accounting and auditing operate in Japan. Originality/value – By making a close analysis of the process by which Japanese women have entered the accounting profession, the paper reveals the connection between the growing significance of auditing and the changing role and position of women.