Abstract :
This paper adopts the template of systematic reviewing and provides an up-to-date synthesis
of the literature on social capital and business and management. The review demonstrates
that social capital research is concentrated into three core dimensions: structural, relational
and cognitive. First, structural social capital includes social interaction and the frequency of
contact and connectivity levels among and between actors’ network relations. Secondly,
relational social capital refers to the underlying normative conditions of trust, obligation,
expectation and identity that guide actors’ network relations. Thirdly, cognitive social capital
refers to the meaningful contexts of communication among and between actors, and
includes the shared language, codes and narratives used to create understanding. However,
the rich linkages between structural, relational and cognitive social capital across equivalent/
hierarchical social space and geographical boundaries are neglected. A further research
focus identified is that the role of face-to-face and the increasingly routine tool of electronic
mediated communication may produce different characteristics and levels of social capital.
The paper also discusses the ways in which critical realism and mixed methodology may
enhance understanding of the process-based linkages between structural, relational and
cognitive social capital.
