Abstract :
Let E be an elliptic curve over an infinite field K with characteristic ≠2, and σ H1(GK,E)[2] a two-torsion element of its Weil–Châtelet group. We prove that σ is always visible in infinitely many abelian surfaces up to isomorphism, in the sense put forward by Cremona and Mazur in their article (J. Exp. Math. 9(1) (2000) 13). Our argument is a variant of Mazurʹs proof, given in (Asian J. Math. 3(1) (1999) 221), for the analogous statement about three-torsion elements of the Shafarevich–Tate group in the setting where K is a number field. In particular, instead of the universal elliptic curve with full level-three-structure, our proof makes use of the universal elliptic curve with full level-two-structure and an invariant differential.
