Environmental specimen banking of nationwide biomonitoring samples in Finland

An environmental specimen bank was built in 1994 by the Finnish Forest Research Institute. The main material stored is moss samples collected from the permanent nationwide sampling network every five years since 1985 for both national and international heavy metal surveys. Correspondingly there are nationwide biomonitoring samples of epiphytic lichen, pine bark and humus for surveying atmospheric heavy metal deposition. The bank is also storage of forest litter collected from 1960ʹs onwards. This large material, tens of thousands of sorted samples, is valuable for indicating environmental changes of the forest ecosystem.