Concentrations and biomagnification of 17 chlordane compounds and other organochlorines in harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) and herring from the Southern Baltic sea

Four species of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) and one herring (Clupea harengus) sample from the southern Baltic Sea were analysed in an attent to study the concentration and biomagnification of 17 chlordane related compounds (CHLs) including 12 components present in technical chlordane, the toxic metabolites oxychlordane and cis-heptachlorepoxide and the photoconversion products photoheptachlor and two photo-cis-chlordanes. The concentration and biomagnification ability of CHLs were also compared to other organochlorines such as HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexanes), hexachlorobenzene, DDTs, dieldrin, mirex and PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls). Of the CHLs analysed, 16 were detected in porpoise and 15 in herring including the photoconversion products. In both species the highest concentrations were found for PCBs and DDTs. The concentration of PCBs and CHLs in porpoise varied from 5700–16000 and 470–1250 ng/g lipid, and in herring from 1300 and 49 ng/g lipid, respectively. The biomagnification factor (BMF: concentration in organism/concentration in food; all lipid normalized) in porpoise was found to be high for CHLs followed by dieldrin and lowest for HCHs. Among the CHLs, a big variation of BMF (BMF range 1–150) was found e.g. the nonachlorinated compounds biomagnified to the highest degree followed by cis-heptachlorepoxide, photoheptachlor and oxychlordane.