Chlorination of pyrene in soil components with sodium chloride under xenon irradiation

It was previously reported that chlorinated pyrenes (1-chloropyrene and dichloropyrene) were produced from pyrene in soil under sunlight irradiation. It was suggested that pyrene reacted with chlorine ion under sunlight. In this work, the formation of chlorinated pyrenes is investigated on 9 metallic oxides as soil components with pyrene and sodium chloride under xenon lamp irradiation. The chlorinated pyrenes as the reaction products were extracted with benzene:ethanol (4:1), and analyzed by GC/MS (SIM). The chlorinated pyrenes were produced in high amounts on 5 metallic oxides [silicon dioxides (quartz, silicic anhydride and silica gel forms) and titanium dioxides (rutile and anatase forms)] and in small amounts in 3 sorts of metallic oxides (aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide and ferric oxide), whereas they were not produced on calcium oxide. It was found that the yields of chlorinated pyrenes depended on the amounts of pyrene and chlorine ions in metallic oxides. In silicon dioxides, the yields of chlorinated pyrenes increased as the irradiation time was extended. In the titanium dioxides, the yields of chlorinated pyrenes had a peak at 0.5 – 1 hours irradiation of xenon lamp, and decreased as the irradiation time elapsed.