Monobromo and higher brominated congeners of the marine halogenated natural product 2,3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-heptachloro-1′-methyl-1,2′-bipyrrole (Q1) Original Research Article

The marine halogenated natural product 2,3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-heptachloro-1′-methyl-1,2′-bipyrrole (Q1) is widely distributed in the environment. In this study, we screened samples which have previously been found to contain remarkably high residues of Q1 (blubber of marine mammals from Australia, samples from Antarctica, human milk from the Faroe Island) for the additional presence of mixed chlorinated and brominated congeners. Using GC/ECNI-MS, all samples tested were positive and many contained four out of five possible bromohexachloro congeners (BrCl6-MBPs), five out of 14 possible dibromopentachloro congeners (Br2Cl5-MBPs), five of 21 possible tribromotetrachloro-congeners (Br3Cl4-MBPs), as well as several higher brominated congeners. About 20 heptahalo congeners of Q1 are described for the first time in the scientific literature. Isomers eluted within about one minute, respectively. Hence it is possible, that the peak clusters identified may be composed of more, co-eluting congeners. Similarities in the GC/ECNI-MS mass spectra with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were addressed. We also suggest an acronym system similar to that in use for polychlorinated biphenyls that may simplify the use of this substance class in scientific papers. In the samples from Australia, BrCl6-MBPs and Br2Cl5-MBPs amounted for 7–27.5% and 0.4–4.2% of Q1, respectively whereas Br3Cl4-MBPs and higher brominated MBPs were found in the range of <1% of Q1 or less.