The Triennial International Symposium on Neurobehavioral Methods: The History and Hope

In 1982 in Milan, Italy, a series of triennial international symposia on neurobehavioral methods and their application commenced. Five of these symposia have been conducted. This paper reviews the origin of this neurobehavioral symposium and recounts the key findings and observations produced during each. In particular, the commitment of the symposiumʹs organizers to meeting the needs of developing countries is discussed. An examination of the five symposia found that more than 250 papers have been published as proceedings. Furthermore, the symposia have maintained the original intent to assist developing countries. The symposium continues to emphasize the need to relate basic mechanisms of neurotoxicity to various neurobehavioral test batteries and methods.