Enzymatic and osmoregulative alterations in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to pesticides

Pesticide pollution in coastal ecosystems of Sinaloa, Mexico is considered to be a cause for slow growth, increase of diseases and sometimes massive mortality of shrimp. So it was necessary to develop fast techniques to detect pesticide pollution in shrimp habitats. Enzymatic and osmoregulation tests in shrimp exposed to DDT, Lindane, Chlordane, Lorsban, Gusathion, Folidol, Diazinon and Tamaron were carried out. Activity reductions from 11 to 2 units/ml in acetylcholinesterase and from 1 to 0 units/l in transaminases (GOT and GPT) were detected. Also increases in osmoregulation were observed in shrimp exposed to Folidol, Diazinon and Gusation, whereas decreases with DDT, Lindane and Lorsban at salinity 50‰. We conclude that pesticides are causing alterations in these biochemical functions and this kind of tests represent a rapid and inexpensive method for pesticide pollution detection.