Prediction of partition coefficient and toxicity for benzaldehyde compounds by their capacity factors and various molecular descriptors

The log Kow and log Sw values of 14 substituted benzaldehyde compounds were determined by the shake-flask method. Acute toxicities of 14 substituted benzaldehyde compounds to Daphnia magna were recorded. Their capacity factors (k′) were determined by reversed phased high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) on C18 column and methanol–water eluent. Molecular connectivity indices, the linear solvation energy relationships (LSER) parameters, and quantum chemical parameters were calculated for the tested chemicals and used to develop quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) and quantitative structure-property/activity relationship (QSPR/QSAR). Results demonstrated that the molecular connectivity indices, LSER parameters, and quantum chemical parameters could be used to predict the k′ for compounds studied, LSER method was more accurate. The results also show that chromatographic retention data, logk′, can be used to predict log Kow and log Sw for tested compounds. The logkw′ can be directly utilized as hydrophobic descriptors to predict the toxicity to D. Magna for benzaldehyde compounds.