Specific Star Formation Rates to Redshift 5 from the FORS Deep Field and the GOODS-S Field1

We explore the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies over the wide redshift range 0.4 < z < 5.0 by studying the evolution of the specific star formation rate (SSFR), defined as the star formation rate per unit stellar mass, as a function of stellar mass and age. Our work is based on a combined sample of ~9000 galaxies from the FORS Deep Field and the GOODS-S field, providing high statistical accuracy and relative insensitivity against cosmic variance. As at lower redshifts, we find that lower mass galaxies show higher SSFRs than higher mass galaxies, although highly obscured galaxies remain undetected in our sample. Furthermore, the highest mass galaxies contain the oldest stellar populations at all redshifts, in principle agreement with the existence of evolved, massive galaxies at 1 < z < 3. It is remarkable, however, that this trend continues to very high redshifts of z ~4. We also show that with increasing redshift, the SSFR for massive galaxies increases by a factor of ~10, reaching the era of their formation at z ~2 and beyond. These findings can be interpreted as evidence for an early epoch of star formation in the most massive galaxies and for ongoing star formation activity in lower mass galaxies.