Mercury and methylmercury in riparian soil, sediments, mine-waste calcines, and moss from abandoned Hg mines in east Guizhou province, southwestern China

Concentrations of total Hg and methylmercury (MMHg) in riparian soil, mine-waste calcine, sediment, and moss samples collected from abandoned Hg mines in Wanshan district, Guizhou province, China, were measured to show regional dispersion of Hg-contamination. High total Hg and MMHg concentrations obtained in riparian soils from mined areas, ranged from 5.1 to 790 mg kg−1 and 0.13 to 15 ng g−1, respectively. However, total Hg and MMHg concentrations in the soils collected from control sites were significantly lower varying from 0.1 to 1.2 mg kg−1 and 0.10 to 1.6 ng g−1, respectively. Total Hg and MMHg concentrations in sediments varied from 90 to 930 mg kg−1 and 3.0 to 20 ng g−1, respectively. Total Hg concentrations in mine-waste calcines were highly elevated ranging from 5.7 to 4400 mg kg−1, but MMHg concentrations were generally low ranging from 0.17 to 1.1 ng g−1. Similar to the high Hg concentrations in soil and sediments, moss samples collected from rocks ranged from 1.0 to 95 mg kg−1 in total Hg and from 0.21 to 20 ng g−1 in MMHg. Elevated Hg concentrations in mosses suggest that atmospheric deposition might be an important pathway of Hg to the local terrestrial system. Moreover, the spatial distribution patterns of Hg contamination in the local environment suggest derivation from historic Hg mining sites in the Wanshan area.