Innovation and sustainability in print-on-paper: a comparison of nanoparticle and deinking niches as emergent sociotechnical networks

Nanoparticle innovation with application to ‘print-on-paper’ is analysed as an emergent network using social network mapping methods. Its relationship with the innovation network concerned with deinkability for enhanced fibre recycling is explored. Three types of nano-innovations are identified: ink, fibre and coatings applications embedded in heterogeneous networks of nanoparticles and deinkability. It is shown that, in spite of expectations for the potential contribution of nanoparticle technology to deinkability, the networks are poorly linked. The primary role of the nanoparticle innovations identified is for commercial printability rather than sustainable deinkability. These findings suggest that broad claims for the contribution of nanotechnology to sustainability are not necessarily translated into specific innovation priorities in business practice. If such potential is to be realised then these currently separate networks need to be linked much more effectively. Key gatekeepers are identified who could potentially contribute to the achievement of this.