The greening of Singaporeʹs national estate

This paper presents the unique but achievable case of Singaporeʹs concern for its physical environment by adopting an innovation-managing approach to enhance the practice of effective environmental management. The countryʹs built environment is treated as the estate of the nation, largely because of the indirect influence of government in the physical planning regime with an emphasis on carefully integrated urban design, and of the direct influence of government in the provision of physical infrastructure through government agencies. These have facilitated a synergistic response by the local community comprising policy makers, businesses, industries, citizens and residents, in making environmental management a way of life in Singapore.