The genetics of species differences

Species are separated by reproductive isolation as well as by more ‘ordinary’ differences in morphology and behavior that play no necessary role in blocking gene flow. Although a great deal is now known about the genetics of reproductive isolation, we are only beginning to understand the genetic basis of ordinary phenotypic differences between species. I review what is known about the number of genes involved in such differences, as well as about the role of major genes and epistasis in the evolution of these differences. I also compare and contrast these findings with those on the genetics of reproductive isolation.