Refractories to contain fluorinated waste streams

The goal of a refractory in any application is to contain the internal process for the longest duration possible, while still maintaining some level of cost effectiveness. In order to extend refractory campaigns, it is necessary to realize and understand the potential reactions that may occur between the refractory and the components of the waste streams being processed. Because of its extremely high reactivity, fluorine has been a problem for many chemical waste incinerators. Reactions between fluorine and typical refractory components will be discussed as well as a case study where fluorinated waste has had detrimental effects on refractories. The steps that were taken to select a refractory with improved resistance to this highly aggressive waste stream will also be reviewed.