The effect of 35 nm silver nanoparticles on antagonistic and synergistic mineral elements in leaves and fruit of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

ABSTRACT: In this study, nanosilver powder with 35 nm average particles size was mixed with deionized distilled water, and prepared in a statistical Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) plan with five treatments. The treatment’s concentrations of suspension silver nanoparticles were 0 (control), 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm. Different concentrations of silver nanoparticles suspension were sprayed in four replications and in all parts of the plants in a regular schedule time. At the first harvesting stage samples were collected and the amount of accumulation of silver heavy metal concentrations, elements (Ag, B, Zn, Ca, P, K, Fe, Cu, Mn, N and Mg) and toxicity of nanosilver were studied in different parts of the plant. The effect of silver nanoparticles at concentration of 1000 ppm by spraying form on the surfaces of plant organs (except the root), decreased the levels of favourite market for tomato fruit. So that with increasing of silver nanoparticles effect, the amount of mineral elements, potassium and iron in leaf was reduced interaction effect with silver heavy metal and deficiency symptoms of mineral elements was observed in plant. Potassium element had antagonistic effect with silver heavy metal in the fruit plant and significant synergistic effects were not observed in the amount of mineral elements in fruit plant. But according to the amount of mineral elements in control treatment and the third treatment at the level of 500 ppm in the fruit of the plant, there was not found any deficiency symptoms of elements. Significant antagonistic and synergistic effects were not found in the amount of mineral elements and the fruits of tomato were observed as a completely market-friendly form.