Compliance in a Screening Program for Neuroblastoma, ,

Background. The Quebec Screening Program for neuroblastoma was undertaken to determine if routine screening of infants for neuroblastoma would decrease the mortality rate from this cancer. All 476,603 children born in Quebec during a 5-year period (1989 to 1994) were offered this screening at ages 3 weeks and 6 months. Through various strategies, an attempt was made to attain the highest level of voluntary compliance possible. Methods. Each screening consisted of the analysis of the catecholamine metabolites vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid on a dry, urine-saturated filter paper mailed to a central laboratory by the parents. The strategies employed to optimize compliance consisted of increasing the awareness of the parents, health professionals, and the public about neuroblastoma and the screening program. Results. The population responded well to this public health measure, with a 91% compliance rate at 3 weeks and a 74% compliance rate at 6 months. Conclusions. A well-informed population accustomed to voluntary screening for metabolic disease in infants responds well to screening for cancer.