Accuracy of Oral Specimen Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be detected in oral fluid with great accuracy, due to technical advances in both the collection of oral samples and assays. Reported sensitivities of 97.2–100% and specificities of 97.7–100% compare well with those of serum-based assays and qualify oral fluid for the screening and diagnosis of HIV infection in both high- and low-risk populations. In addition, oral fluid offers several advantages over serum as a testing medium for HIV, including greater safety, ease of collection, and patient acceptability.