Relationship between impaired microvascular function in the non-infarct-related area and left-ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction

Background Myocardial flow reserve (MFR) in the non-infarct-related area (NIRA) has been reported to be impaired after the onset of myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study was to determine whether microvascular dysfunction in the NIRA is related to left-ventricular remodeling after MI. Methods We prospectively studied 17 patients who suffered their first single-vessel MI, and who underwent successful revascularization. The MFR in the NIRA was assessed quantitatively using 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography within 2 weeks after the onset. Peak creatinine kinase and the defect score on 99mTc–tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion imaging were used as an index of the severity of MI. The left-ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) was calculated using left ventriculography at 1 month and 6 months after the onset. Result Patients with severely impaired MFR (< 2.09) had higher peak creatinine kinase values (6000 ± 5485 IU/L vs. 2250 ± 1950 IU/L, p = 0.0081), defect scores (16.3 ± 5.9 vs. 7.9 ± 6.5, p = 0.0404), and LVEDVI at 1 month (125.6 ± 34.4 mL/m2 vs. 82.8 ± 17.7 mL/m2, p = 0.0036) than those with mildly impaired MFR (≥ 2.09). Moreover, the differences of LVEDVI between 2 groups persisted over 6 months (133.3 ± 43.6 mL/m2 vs. 89.5 ± 17.3 mL/m2, p = 0.0078). The MFR in the NIRA correlated inversely with the LVEDVI at 1 month and 6 months (r = − 0.590, p = 0.0127 and r = − 0.729, p = 0.0031, respectively). Conclusions These data indicate that microvascular impairment in the NIRA might have contributed to left-ventricular remodeling after MI.