Insulin resistance as a predictor for restenosis after coronary stenting

Purpose The rationale of this study was to determine whether insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for restenosis after coronary stenting. Background Previous studies suggested that hyperinsulinemia may be an important risk factor for ischemic heart disease. Restenosis after coronary stenting is neointimal tissue proliferation and de-novo stenosis is atherosclerosis from the point of view of histology. However, it has not been determined whether insulin resistance is independently related to restenosis after coronary stenting. Methods Clinical variables of unselected population of 110 patients were analyzed in multivariate logistic regression analyses for both restenosis and de-novo stenosis. Clinical, lesion-related, and procedural variables were analyzed by chi-square analysis, and relative risk. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HbA1c were associated with restenosis after coronary stenting (HOMA-IR; P=0.0447, HbA1c; P=0.0462), and HbA1c and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were associated with de-novo stenosis (HbA1c; P=0.0201, LDL-C; P=0.0204). Restenosis was influenced by insulin resistance [Relative Risk (RR) 2.06; 95 percent confidence interval (95%CI) 1.20 to 3.56], diabetes mellitus (DM: RR 1.92; 95%CI 1.25 to 2.95), and final minimal lumen diameter (RR 2.83; 95%CI 1.32 to 6.06). Conclusions HOMA-IR and DM are the predictors of restenosis after coronary stenting, and HbA1c and LDL-C are the predictors of de-novo stenosis. These results may be reflected in histological differences between neointimal tissue proliferation as restenosis and atherosclerosis as de-novo stenosis.