The Effect of Strategic Planning Focus and Time on Writing Fluency and Accuracy

متعاقب مطالعاتي كه تاثيرمثبت طراحي قبل از فعاليت درسي را بر عملكرد نوشتار زبان آموزان گزارش كرده اند، تحقيق حاضر بر آن است كه تاثيرات احتمالي جلب توجه زبان آموزان را به سوي معنا و صورت زباني نوشتاردر قالب زمان هاي يك دقيقه اي و پنج دقيقه اي بسنجد. 48 زبان آموز سطح متوسط مهارت زباني به صورت تصادفي انتخاب و به شش گروه تقسيم و هر كدام يك فعاليت نوشتاري روايي را تحت شرايط طراحي صورت محور، معنا محور و هدايت نشده در زمان هاي يك دقيقه اي و پنج دقيقه اي انجام دادند. عملكرد آنها از طريق آزمون هاي ميزان صحت و سرعت اندازه گيري و نتايج آن با استفاده از آزمون تحليل واريانس بررسي گرديد. مقايسه هايي كه در شرايط طراحي يك دقيقه اي انجام گرفت نشان داد طراحي صورت محور منجر به نتايج بهتري نسبت به دو گروه ديگر از نقطه نظر سرعت و صحت مي شود و نتايج مشابه اي تحت شرايط پنج دقيقه اي بدست آمد. نتايج همچنين نشان داد شرايط طراحي پنج دقيقه اي باعث افزايش بيشتر سرعت نوشتار نسبت به صحت نوشتار ميشود كه اين بر خلاف شرايط نوشتار يك دقيقه اي مي باشد.

Following previous studies reporting a beneficial effect for pre-task planning on learnersʹ task performance, the present research takes into account the possible effects of directing learnersʹ attention to meaning and form of language on their written production while they have one- and five-minute strategic planning time. The study randomly categorized 48 intermediate learners of English into six groups and asked them to undertake a narrative task under form focused, meaning focused, and unguided planning conditions each with one or five minutes of strategic planning time. Their performances were analyzed by a set of fluency and accuracy measures whose results were put into one-way ANOVA. As for the comparison under one-minute planning condition, form focused planners outperformed the other two groups in both measures. Similar results were obtained under the five-minute planning condition. The results also showed that five-minute planning condition enhanced the learnersʹ fluency of production more than their accuracy, unlike one-minute planning condition. It is proposed that the form focused planning condition better promotes writing processes than meaning focused and unguided planning conditions; besides, the longer the planning time is, the more fluency is fostered whereas the shorter the planning time is, the more accurate the learnersʹ production would be