Fast fractal growth with diffusion, convection and migration by computer simulation: Effects of voltage on probability, morphology and fractal dimension of electrochemical growth in a rectangular cell

We extend our earlier paper by including the electric field gradient into our model for the growth of electrodeposits with diffusion, convection, and migration in an electric field in a rectangular cell. From the differential equations that descrive the system, we derive the expressions of growth probability, which predict that voltage as well as direction and speed of convection govern the pattern formation of electrochemical growth. They also predict that as voltage increases, the probability of a particle moving to the cathode increases, which leads to denser patterns and higher fractal dimensions. These theoretical predictions are demonstrated by computer simulations. Voltage has great effects on probability, morphology, and fractal dimension of electrochemical growth in a rectangular cell.