Dynamics of competing predator–prey species

We study the predator–prey model described by the Lotka–Volterra equations (N.S. Goel et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 43 (1971) 231). These coupled non-linear differential equations are solved numerically and compared with Monte Carlo simulations. Spectral analysis of the data indicate the presence of a fixed set of frequencies and the absence of power-law behaviour. Features introduced to make the model more realistic, such as age-structures and ageing, are found to have no qualitative effect