Abstract :
Abstract — Wireless sensor networking is an emerging
technology that promises a wide range of potential
applications in both civilian and military areas. A wireless
sensor network (WSN) typically consists of a large number of
low - cost, low - power, and multifunctional sensor nodes that
are deployed in a region of interest. These sensor nodes are
small in size but are equipped with sensors, embedded
microprocessors, and radio transceivers. Therefore, they have
not only sensing, but also data processing and communicating
capabilities. The main task of wireless sensor nodes is to sense
and collect data from a target domain, process the data, and
transmit the information back to specific sites where the
underlying application resides. Achieving this task efficiently
requires the development of an energy-efficient routing
protocol to set up paths between sensor nodes and the data
sink. The path selection must be such that the lifetime of the
network is maximized. The characteristics of the environment
within which sensor nodes typically operate, coupled with
severe resource and energy limitation, make the routing
problem very challenging. This paper presents an overview of
routing algorithms in wireless sensor networks.
